Using a new USB cable has completely fixed the issue for me.
I have the Carlinkit 3.0 (
https://smile.amazon.com/gp/product/B09T9JLV5D) connected through the USB in the center arm rest compartment. Currently using an iPhone 13 Pro running iOS 16.2. It used to drop connection as frequently as every 15 minutes. It drove me crazy.
Then I tried using different USB-C to USB-A cables to see if that might be the issue. Ever since testing out the cable from my GoPro, it has worked flawlessly. Zero drops. And it's been over a month now.
My guess is that the USB cable they provide with the Carlinkit unit is just very low quality. As others have mentioned on this thread, buying an additional dongle or adapter may do the trick, but you may already have the solution if you have any spare USB-C to USB-A cables on you. Hope this helps!